The UFI (Unique Formula Identifier) is one of the fundamental requirements introduced by the European Union's CLP (Classification, Labelling, and Packaging) regulation to ensure the safe management of chemical mixtures, including scented candles , if they contain substances classified as hazardous. However, the UFI is not always required for all candles , but only when they contain mixtures or ingredients that may pose risks to health or the environment . Here is a detailed description of the UFI regulation applicable to the production of scented candles.
1. UFI: Unique Formula Identifier
The UFI (Unique Formula Identifier) is a 16-character alphanumeric code that links a specific mixture to a safety information file registered with a poison control center or competent authority. This code is used to ensure that, in the event of an accidental or emergency exposure, doctors and emergency centers can quickly identify the chemical components of the mixture.
2. When is UFI mandatory for scented candles?
Not all candles require a UFI. However, if a scented candle contains fragrances or hazardous substances (e.g., sensitizers, irritants, environmentally toxic, or flammable), manufacturers are required to create and provide a UFI for such products. The key rule is that a UFI is mandatory if the fragrances or other substances in candles are classified as hazardous under the CLP Regulation.
In Section 2 - Hazards Identification of the SDS: check whether the substance is classified as hazardous according to the CLP Regulation.
Hazard (H) phrases: for example, H315 (irritating to skin) or H411 (toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects).
If the SDS indicates hazard pictograms, symbols such as flame, exclamation mark or environment you are obliged to indicate the UFI code
3. Creation of the UFI
The UFI is generated by combining the company's VAT number and a product-specific formula number. This code is unique for each chemical mixture, meaning that each fragrance variant, formula, or candle concentration may require a different UFI. To create a UFI, the company uses an online tool available on theECHA (European Chemicals Agency) website.
4. Where to place the UFI
The UFI must be clearly indicated on the product label. For scented candles, this may be on the packaging, the label, or in some cases, the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) accompanying the product.
5. Registration at Poison Control Centers
In addition to creating a UFI, manufacturers of scented candles containing hazardous substances must submit a notification to the PCN (Poison Centres Notification) , the EU's poison control centre notification system. The notification must include detailed information on the product's chemical formula, associated with the UFI, and is used to provide rapid and accurate medical assistance in the event of accidental exposure or an emergency.
6. Labeling of Scented Candles
Scented candles must be labeled properly, including:
- Hazard symbols , as required by the CLP Regulation, if the product contains substances classified as hazardous (e.g. flammable, irritant or sensitising).
- Specific risk warnings , such as H-phrases (risk phrases) and P-phrases (precautionary statements).
- UFI information , if applicable.
Additionally, other general safety warnings must be present, such as:
- "Keep out of reach of children."
- "Do not leave a burning candle unattended."
- "Place the candle on a heat-resistant surface."
7. SDS: Safety Data Sheet
If a scented candle contains fragrances classified as hazardous, the manufacturer must prepare an SDS (Safety Data Sheet) , which is a technical document containing all the information relating to the product's risks and the measures to be taken in the event of an emergency. The UFI must be included in the SDS, along with details on the chemical composition and safety measures.
8. Impact on Producers
For scented candle manufacturers, compliance with UFI regulations means:
- Identify whether substances used in fragrances or candle components are classified as hazardous under the CLP Regulation.
- Create a UFI for each hazardous mixture and notify the product to poison control centers via the PCN.
- Label the product correctly, including UFI information if necessary.
- Provide an SDS for products containing hazardous substances.
9. Deadlines and Obligations
The requirement to include the UFI on the label has already been in force for consumer products since January 1, 2021 , and for products intended for professional use since January 1, 2024. This means that scented candles containing hazardous mixtures sold to consumers must already comply with the regulation.
Summary
In short, a UFI is an important requirement for scented candles containing chemicals classified as hazardous. The UFI, associated with the specific blend, must be listed on the product label and reported to poison control centers to ensure effective response in the event of an emergency. However, a UFI is not required for all candles, only those containing potentially hazardous ingredients.